Corrosion yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas txwv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam roj av, thiab kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv corrosion yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev lag luam roj av. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion yog cov tshuaj lom neeg lossis cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm ntau cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lossis ua kom cov khoom ua kom tsis muaj zog thaum muaj nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov tsim nyog concentration thiab daim ntawv. Ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion yog ib qho yooj yim, raug nqi, thiab siv tau los tiv thaiv corrosion. Txoj kev no yog dav siv los ntawm ntau cov roj av ntau lawm vim nws txoj haujlwm yooj yim thiab muaj txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau hom corrosion inhibitors.
1. Imidazoline hom corrosion inhibitor. Nws feem ntau muaj peb ntu: tsib tus tswv cuab heterocycle uas muaj nitrogen, ib txoj saw saw (amide functional group, amino functional group, hydroxyl group, etc.) uas khi nrog nitrogen rau ntawm heterocycle, thiab ntev hydrocarbon branched saw (feem ntau alkyl) .
2. Organic phosphate corrosion inhibitors. Organic phosphate molecules muaj phosphoryl pawg uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov hlau ions xws li calcium, magnesium, aluminium, hlau, hlau, thiab zinc los tsim cov complexes insoluble uas npog cov hlau nto, muab kev tiv thaiv corrosion.
3. Heterocyclic corrosion inhibitor. Heterocyclic corrosion inhibitors muaj atoms xws li O, N, S, P, thiab muaj ntau lub chaw ua haujlwm adsorption. Lawv muaj zog adsorption cuam tshuam rau ntau yam hlau xws li carbon steel, tooj liab, aluminium alloys, thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov chelates ruaj khov ntawm cov hlau. Hydrogen bonds tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov molecules kom thicken lub adsorption txheej thiab muab zoo corrosion kuj.
4. Triazole hom corrosion inhibitors. Cov molecules ntawm triazole corrosion inhibitors muaj ntau pawg active adsorption nrog peb nitrogen atoms, xws li triazole nplhaib, amino pawg, hydrophobic pab pawg neeg, aromatic nplhaib pawg, thiab pyridine pawg. Cov pab pawg no tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv nruab nrab adsorption ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau, yog li ua kom cov kev pab cuam ntawm corrosion inhibitor.
5. Quaternary ammonium ntsev corrosion inhibitor. Qhov teeb meem corrosion yog qhov hnyav heev thaum siv high concentration hydrochloric acid acidification nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Quaternary ammonium ntsev yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kub-kub acidification corrosion inhibitors. Quas ammonium cations muaj qhov tseem ceeb saum npoo av thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov xim tuab thiab ua tiav npog ntawm cov hlau. Hom tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion no tau siv dav hauv kev tiv thaiv cov roj thiab roj qhov dej.
6. Acetyl cawv corrosion inhibitor. Lub zog binding quab yuam ntawm daim ntawv cog lus hauv peb daim ntawv cog lus ntawm alkyne raws li kev sib txuas thiab cov hlau ua rau peb daim ntawv cog lus yooj yim tawg, ua rau polymerization thiab tsim ntawm ntau txheej polymer films. Ntev saw nitrogen-muaj cov tebchaw muaj cov nyhuv tiv thaiv zoo, yog li kev sib xyaw ntawm alkynyl tebchaw thiab cov saw hlau ntev nitrogen-muaj cov tebchaw muaj qhov zoo dua corrosion inhibition nyhuv.
7. Schiff puag corrosion inhibitors. Schiff bases xa mus rau ib chav kawm ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas muaj RC=N uas yooj yim rau synthesize. RC=N pab pawg hauv cov molecule yooj yim tsim cov complexes nrog hlau.